Лексика по темам кодификатора для ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Сдай устную часть на максимум!

© Радмила Шарифьянова, 2023

ISBN 978-5-0060-1317-9

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Введение

В современном мире знание английского языка становится все более важным, особенно если вы стремитесь к успеху в образовании и карьере. ЕГЭ по английскому языку является одним из наиболее важных экзаменов для школьников, которые планируют продолжить свое обучение в университете. Однако для успешной сдачи экзамена необходимо знать не только правила грамматики и лексики, но также и уметь использовать слова и выражения, которые необходимы для выполнения заданий на максимальный балл. В данной книге я собрала наиболее часто встречающиеся слова и выражения на темы кодификатора ЕГЭ по английскому языку, что поможет вам подготовиться к экзамену на высоком уровне. В пособии приведены примеры использования лексики, что поможет Вам использовать слова и выражения правильно. Автор этой книги – человек, который сам прошел через этот экзамен, получив 97 баллов, и знает, какие сложности возникают при подготовке. Надеюсь, что данное руководство поможет вам успешно справиться с экзаменом и достичь желаемых результатов.

Желаю успехов!

Never give up 😊

Домашние обязанности – Household chores

Cleaning – Уборка

I need to finish cleaning the kitchen before my guests arrive.

My mom makes me do all the cleaning in the house.

Laundry – Стирка

I have to do my laundry today because I’m running out of clothes.

She hates doing laundry, so she always takes her clothes to the dry cleaners.

Cooking – Готовка

I love cooking dinner for my family every night.

He’s not very good at cooking, so he usually orders take-out.

Washing dishes – Мытье посуды

My sister and I always argue about who has to wash the dishes after dinner.

She refuses to wash the dishes by hand and only uses the dishwasher.

Dusting – Вытирание пыли

My allergies always act up when I’m dusting the furniture.

I try to do a quick dusting every day to keep the house clean.

Vacuuming – Пылесосить

The vacuum cleaner is too heavy for me to use, so I usually ask for help.

I have to vacuum the living room every day because of my shedding dog.

Ironing – Глажка

I hate ironing my clothes, so I always hang them up as soon as they come out of the dryer.

She spends hours ironing her husband’s dress shirts every week.

Grocery shopping – Покупка продуктов

I always make a grocery list before going shopping to make sure I don’t forget anything.

We usually go grocery shopping on Sundays to stock up for the week.

Yard work – Работа во дворе

During the summer, we spend a lot of time doing yard work like mowing the lawn and weeding the garden.

He hired someone to do the yard work because he doesn’t have time to do it himself.

Taking out the trash – Вынос мусора

It’s my turn to take out the trash tonight.

We have to remember to take out the trash before we leave for vacation.

Washing windows – Мытье окон

My dad always washes the windows on the outside of the house in the spring.

She uses a special solution to make sure the windows are streak-free when she washes them.

Sweeping – Подметание

I have to sweep the kitchen floor after every meal because my kids are messy eaters.

The janitor at school sweeps the hallways every night after classes are over.

Watering plants – Полив растений

She forgot to water her plants for a week and they started to wilt.

I water my plants every morning before work to keep them healthy.

Cleaning the bathroom – Уборка в ванной комнате

I hate cleaning the bathroom because it’s so dirty.

He uses bleach to clean the toilet and sink in the bathroom.

Making the bed – Застилание кровати

I always make my bed as soon as I get up in the morning.

She never makes her bed because she says it’s a waste of time.

Taking care of pets – Уход за домашними животными

We have to take our dog for a walk every day to make sure he gets enough exercise.

She feeds her cat twice a day and cleans out its litter box every morning.

Organizing – Организация

My closet was a mess until I spent the whole weekend organizing it.

He likes to organize his books alphabetically by author.

Ironing clothes – Глажка одежды

She ironed her dress before the wedding to make sure it looked perfect.

He hates ironing clothes, so he takes them to the dry cleaners.

Fixing things – Ремонт вещей

He knows how to fix almost anything around the house, from leaky faucets to broken appliances.

She spent all weekend fixing her bike so she could go for a ride.

Paying bills – Оплата счетов

I always pay my bills on time to avoid late fees.

She forgot to pay her credit card bill and had to pay a hefty fine.

Raking leaves – Сбор листьев

During the fall, we spend a lot of time raking leaves into piles in the yard.

He uses a leaf blower to make the job of raking leaves easier.

Cleaning the oven – Очистка духовки

The oven gets so dirty after cooking a big meal that I have to clean it right away.

She uses a special oven cleaner to make sure the oven is really clean.

Watering the lawn – Полив газона

During the summer, we have to water the lawn every day to keep it green.

He uses a sprinkler system to water the lawn without having to do it manually.

Cleaning the shower – Уборка душа

The shower gets dirty so quickly that we have to clean it every week.

She uses a scrub brush and cleaning solution to make sure the shower is really clean.

Folding clothes – Складывание одежды

I like to fold my clothes as soon as they come out of the dryer to avoid wrinkles.

She folds her clothes neatly and puts them away in her closet.

Washing the car – Мойка машины

He likes to wash his car himself instead of taking it to a car wash.

She uses a special soap and sponge to make sure the car is really clean.

Cleaning blinds – Очистка жалюзи

The blinds in the bedroom get very dusty, so we have to clean them regularly.

He uses a damp cloth to wipe down the blinds and remove any dust.

Cleaning the fireplace – Уборка камина

The fireplace needs to be cleaned after every use to avoid any buildup of soot and ash.

She uses a special brush and vacuum cleaner attachment to clean the fireplace thoroughly.

Cleaning the pool – Уборка бассейна

During the summer, we have to clean the pool regularly to keep it safe and hygienic for swimming.

He uses a pool net to remove any debris from the surface of the water.

Вопросы и ответы по теме household chores

1. What are some common household chores?

– Some common household chores include vacuuming, dusting, doing laundry, washing dishes, and cleaning the bathroom.

2. How often do you typically clean your home?

– It depends on the person and their living situation. Some people may clean their home once a week, while others may clean more or less frequently.

3. What are some effective ways to organize your living space?

– Some effective ways to organize your living space include getting rid of clutter, using storage containers, labeling items, and creating designated spaces for different types of items.

4. How do you divide household responsibilities with your family members or roommates?

– Dividing household responsibilities can be done by discussing and assigning tasks based on each person’s abilities and availability. Some families or roommates may choose to rotate tasks on a schedule.

5. What are some tools or products that can make cleaning easier?

– Some tools or products that can make cleaning easier include a vacuum cleaner, microfiber cloths, all-purpose cleaner, and a mop.

6. What are some eco-friendly alternatives to traditional cleaning products?

– Some eco-friendly alternatives to traditional cleaning products include vinegar, baking soda, and lemon juice. These natural ingredients can be used to clean many surfaces around the house.

7. How do you motivate yourself to complete household tasks?

– Some ways to motivate yourself to complete household tasks include setting goals, rewarding yourself after completing tasks, and breaking tasks into smaller, manageable steps.

8. What chores do you find most challenging or time-consuming?

– Chores that people commonly find challenging or time-consuming include deep-cleaning bathrooms, doing laundry, and washing dishes.

9. How do you juggle household responsibilities with work or other commitments?

– Juggling household responsibilities with work or other commitments can be done by prioritizing tasks, delegating responsibilities when possible, and setting aside specific times for household chores.

10. What are some tips for maintaining a clean and organized home?

– Some tips for maintaining a clean and organized home include creating a cleaning schedule, decluttering regularly, putting things back in their proper place after use, and doing small tasks like wiping down surfaces daily.

О помощи братьям и сестрам – About helping brothers and sisters

Help – Помощь

My brother always helps me with my homework.

I offered to help my sister with the dishes.

Support – Поддержка

It’s important to show support for your siblings when they’re going through tough times.

My sister was nervous about her presentation, so I gave her some words of support.

Cooperation – Сотрудничество, содействие

Cleaning our shared bathroom is much easier when we work in cooperation with each other.

My brother and I often cook together, which requires a lot of cooperation.

Responsibility – Ответственность

We all have a responsibility to keep the house clean, so we take turns doing chores.

Even though I’m the youngest, my siblings trust me with important responsibilities like taking care of our pets.

Collaboration – Совместная работа

My sister and I collaborated on a science project and got an A.

It’s important to have good communication skills when collaborating with your siblings on a task.

Initiative – Инициатива

When it comes to doing household tasks, I always take the initiative so my siblings don’t have to worry about it.

My brother showed great initiative by organizing a family game night.

Распределение домашних обязанностей – Division of household chores

Chore – Работа по дому

We all have chores that we need to do around the house, like cleaning our rooms and doing the laundry.

My brother is responsible for taking out the trash as one of his daily chores.

Delegation – Делегирование

Our parents sometimes delegate certain tasks to each of us based on our strengths and abilities.

I delegated the task of setting the table to my little sister since she loves organizing things.

Schedule – График

We follow a weekly schedule for completing our household tasks so that it’s easier to manage and remember.

I checked the schedule to see what my chores were for the day.

Responsibility – Ответственность

Each of us has a responsibility to contribute to the upkeep of the house, whether it’s through cleaning or cooking meals.

I take full responsibility for making sure the dishes are done after dinner.

Teamwork – Командная работа

Working together with my siblings to complete household tasks has taught me the value of teamwork and cooperation.

We use teamwork to clean the house quickly before guests arrive.

Division of labor – Разделение труда

We divide up the household tasks according to our strengths and preferences so that everyone is doing something they enjoy.

Checklist – Чек-лист

We use a checklist to make sure we don’t forget any important household tasks and to keep track of what’s been done.

My brother made a checklist for us to follow when cleaning the garage.

Time management – Управление временем

Good time management skills are important when it comes to completing household tasks efficiently and effectively.

I’ve learned to manage my time well so that I have enough time for my homework and chores.

Prioritization – Приоритетность

Some household tasks are more urgent or important than others, so it’s important to prioritize them accordingly.

I prioritized cleaning the kitchen before doing my homework because it was messier and needed to be done first.

Communication – Коммуникация

Good communication between siblings is key when it comes to dividing up household tasks and making sure everyone knows their responsibilities.

We have regular family meetings to discuss household responsibilities and make sure everyone is on the same page.

Flexibility – Гибкость

Sometimes our schedules or responsibilities change unexpectedly, so it’s important to be flexible and adaptable.

I had to be flexible with my schedule when my sister got sick and couldn’t do her assigned tasks.

Completion – Завершение

It’s important to see each task through to completion rather than leaving it half-done or unfinished.

I made sure to complete all my assigned tasks before going out to play with my friends.

Вопросы и ответы по теме Division of household chores

What is the typical way households distribute household chores?

The way households distribute household chores can vary widely depending on cultural and individual preferences. However, in many cases, household chores may be distributed based on factors such as gender, age, and ability.

How have attitudes towards household chores changed over time?

Attitudes towards household chores have evolved significantly over time. In the past, certain household tasks were often considered to be «women’s work» and were expected to be performed exclusively by female members of the household. However, today, there is often more of a focus on sharing responsibilities and ensuring that all members of the household contribute to keeping the home clean and organized.

What are some strategies for dividing household chores fairly?

One strategy for dividing household chores fairly is to assign specific tasks to each member of the household based on their abilities and preferences. Another approach is to rotate tasks regularly so that everyone has a chance to do different tasks. Additionally, it’s important to communicate openly about expectations and make sure that everyone feels valued for their contributions to the household.

How can parents teach their children about the importance of contributing to household chores?

Parents can teach their children about the importance of contributing to household chores by involving them in tasks from a young age and making it a regular part of family life. It can also be helpful to explain why these tasks are important and how they benefit the whole family. Additionally, parents can model positive attitudes towards household chores themselves and praise their children for their efforts.

What are the benefits of a fair distribution of household chores?

A fair distribution of household chores can help to reduce stress and conflict within the household by ensuring that no one person is overburdened with responsibilities. It can also help to promote a sense of teamwork and cooperation, as all members of the household work together towards shared goals. Additionally, it can be a valuable way for children to learn important life skills and responsibilities that will serve them well in the future.

Покупки – Shopping

Buy – Купить

I want to buy a new dress for the party.

She decided to buy a car instead of taking public transportation.

Sell – Продавать

He’s going to sell his old bike and buy a new one.

The store is selling its products at a discount this week.

Shop – Магазин

Let’s go to that new shop and see what they have.

I always enjoy shopping for clothes in that boutique.

Customer – Покупатель

The customer was unhappy with the service she received.

The store wants to focus on providing excellent customer service.

Price – Цена

The price of this TV is too high for me.

I got a good deal on these shoes – they were half price!

Payment – Оплата

What forms of payment do you accept?

I made the payment online using my credit card.

Purchase – Покупка

I want to make a purchase at the store.

The online purchase process was quick and simple.

Sale – Распродажа

They’re having a big sale on electronics this weekend.

I got a great deal during the end-of-season sale.

Discount – Скидка

Can I get a discount on this item?

They offer a student discount with a valid ID.

Coupon – Купон

I have a coupon for 10% off my purchase.

You can find coupons in the local newspaper or online.

Cashier – Кассир

Please go to the cashier to pay for your items.

The cashier was very friendly and helpful.

Receipt – Квитанция

Don’t forget to keep your receipt in case you need to return something.

The receipt shows the date and time of purchase, as well as the total amount spent.

Return – Возврат

I’d like to return this item for a refund.

The store has a policy that allows returns within 30 days of purchase.

Exchange – Обмен

Can I exchange this shirt for a different size?

The store allows exchanges for items of equal value within 14 days of purchase.

Shopping cart – Корзина для покупок

Add items to your shopping cart and proceed to checkout when you’re ready to buy.

The shopping cart icon is located in the top right corner of the website.

Credit card – Кредитная карта

I prefer to use my credit card for online purchases.

The store accepts all major credit cards.

Debit card – Дебетовая карта

You can pay with a debit card at the checkout.

The money is deducted directly from your bank account when you use a debit card.

Cash – Наличные деньги

Do you have enough cash to pay for this purchase?

Some stores offer discounts if you pay with cash instead of a credit card.

Online shopping – Онлайн-шоппинг

I love online shopping because it’s so convenient.

You can find great deals and discounts when you shop online.

In-store shopping – Шоппинг в магазине

I prefer in-store shopping because I like to see and touch the products before buying them.

The store has a wide selection of products available for in-store shopping.

Shopping list – Список покупок

I always make a shopping list before going to the store.

The shopping list helps me stay organized and focused on what I need to buy.

Customer service – Обслуживание клиента

If you have any questions or concerns about your purchase, please contact customer service.

The customer service representative was able to resolve the issue quickly and efficiently.

Receipt – Кассовый чек

Don’t forget to keep the receipt in case you need to return or exchange an item.

The receipt shows the date and time of purchase, as well as the items bought and their prices.

Sale price – Цена со скидкой

The sale price for this item is 20% off the original price.

Many items are marked down to a sale price during end-of-season sales.

Shopping bag – Пакет для покупок

Do you need a shopping bag for your items?

The store offers eco-friendly reusable shopping bags for purchase.

Out of stock – Нет в наличии

I’m sorry, but the item you’re looking for is currently out of stock.

The store will restock the item next week.

Gift card – Подарочная карта

A gift card is a great option for those who are unsure of what to buy as a present.

You can purchase a gift card in-store or online in various amounts.

Refurbished – Восстановленный

A refurbished item has been restored and tested to work like new.

Refurbished items are often sold at a lower price than brand-new ones.

Online marketplace – Онлайн-торговая площадка

An online marketplace is a website that allows users to buy and sell products from different vendors.

Popular online marketplaces include Amazon, eBay, and Etsy.

Loyalty program – Программа лояльности

The store offers a loyalty program that rewards frequent shoppers with discounts and perks.

You can sign up for the loyalty program online or in-store.

Product review – Обзор товара

Reading product reviews can help you make an informed decision before making a purchase.

Many online stores allow customers to leave reviews and ratings for products they have purchased.

Price match – Сравнение цен

Some stores offer a price match guarantee, which means they will match the price of a competitor’s product.

You may need to provide proof of the lower price, such as an ad or website link.

Layaway – Рассрочка

Layaway allows you to put a product on hold and pay for it over time.

The store will typically require a down payment and charge a fee for the service.

Return policy – Политика возврата товаров

It’s important to check a store’s return policy before making a purchase.

The policy should outline how long you have to return an item, whether you need a receipt, and any conditions or fees.

Warranty – Гарантия

A warranty is a promise from the manufacturer that the product will work as intended for a certain period of time.

Warranties can vary in length and coverage, so it’s important to read the details carefully.

Rewards program – Программа вознаграждений

Rewards programs offer incentives for frequent purchases.

You may earn points or discounts that can be redeemed for future purchases.

Online reviews – Онлайн-отзывы

Reading online reviews can help you make an informed decision before making a purchase.

Look for reviews from verified customers and consider both positive and negative feedback.

In-store pickup – Самовывоз из магазина

In-store pickup allows you to order online and pick up your purchase at a physical store.

This can save time on shipping and make it easier to get your items quickly.

Digital wallet – Цифровой кошелек

A digital wallet allows you to store payment information and make purchases online or in-store.

Popular digital wallets include Apple Pay, Google Wallet, and PayPal.

Pre-order – Предварительный заказ

Pre-ordering allows you to reserve a product before it is released to the public.

This can be useful for highly anticipated products that may sell out quickly.

Limited edition – Ограниченное издание

A limited edition product is produced in a limited quantity and may have special features or packaging.

Limited edition products can be collectible and may increase in value over time.

Product description – Описание товара

The product description outlines the features and specifications of an item.

Be sure to read the description carefully before making a purchase.

Subscription service – Сервис подписки

A subscription service allows you to receive products on a regular basis.

Popular subscription services include meal kits, beauty boxes, and streaming services.

Price adjustment – Изменение цены

If a product you purchased goes on sale within a certain period of time, you may be eligible for a price adjustment.

Check the store’s policy for details on how to request a price adjustment.

Brand loyalty – Лояльность бренду

Brand loyalty is the tendency to consistently purchase products from a particular brand.

Brand loyal customers often feel a connection to the brand’s values and identify with its i.

Final sale – Финальная распродажа

A final sale means that the item cannot be returned or exchanged.

Be sure to check the return policy before making a purchase during a final sale.

Product launch – Запуск продукта

A product launch is when a new product is introduced to the market.

Marketers often build hype around product launches with teasers and promotional materials.

Delivery time – Время доставки

The delivery time is the expected date or timeframe for when your purchase will arrive.

Delivery times can vary depending on the shipping method and location.

Express delivery – Экспресс-доставка

Express delivery is a faster shipping option that usually involves an additional fee.

This can be useful if you need your purchase to arrive quickly.

Free shipping – Бесплатная доставка

Free shipping means that you do not have to pay for shipping fees on your purchase.

Many stores offer free shipping for orders over a certain amount.

Home delivery – Доставка на дом

Home delivery means that your purchase will be shipped directly to your home.

This can be convenient if you are unable to pick up your purchase in-store.

Customer service representative – Сотрудник службы поддержки клиентов

A customer service representative is someone who assists customers with questions or concerns about their purchases.

They may be able to help with issues like returns, exchanges, or product information.

Customer feedback – Обратная связь от клиентов

Customer feedback involves comments, suggestions, or complaints from customers about their experiences with a product or store.

This can be helpful for improving products and services.

Customer satisfaction – Удовлетворенность клиента

Customer satisfaction is how happy or content a customer is with their purchase and overall experience with a store.

High levels of customer satisfaction can lead to repeat business and positive word-of-mouth advertising.

Customer retention – Удержание клиентов

Customer retention refers to the ability of a store or brand to keep customers coming back for repeat purchases.

This can involve strategies like loyalty programs, personalized offers, and excellent customer service.

Customer service hotline – Горячая линия службы поддержки клиентов

A customer service hotline is a phone number that customers can call for assistance with their purchases.

Hotlines may have designated hours of operation and wait times can vary.

Delivery confirmation – Подтверждение доставки

Delivery confirmation means that the store has received confirmation that your purchase has been delivered to its intended destination.

This can provide peace of mind that your package was delivered successfully.

Вопросы и ответы по теме Shopping

Общение в семье и в школе – Communication at home and at school

Family – Семья

I love spending time with my family on weekends.

My family is very supportive of my goals and aspirations.

Parents – Родители

My parents always encourage me to do my best in school.

My parents are my role models in life.

Siblings – Братья и сестры

I have two siblings – an older brother and a younger sister.

My siblings and I used to fight a lot when we were younger, but now we get along much better.

Father – Отец

My father is a hard-working man and always puts his family first.

I’m going to visit my father for his birthday next week.

Mother – Мать

My mother is the most loving and caring person I know.

I can always count on my mother for support and encouragement.

Brother – Брат

My brother and I used to fight a lot when we were younger, but now we’re best friends.

My brother is a talented musician and I love listening to him play guitar.

Sister – Сестра

My sister and I have a really strong bond and share everything with each other.

My sister is my role model and has taught me so much about life.

Grandfather – Дедушка

My grandfather fought in World War II and I’m grateful for his sacrifice.

My grandfather tells the best stories about his childhood in the countryside.

Grandmother – Бабушка

My grandmother makes the best apple pie I’ve ever tasted.

My grandmother is a wise woman and always gives great advice.

Uncle – Дядя

My uncle is a successful businessman who always encourages me to pursue my dreams.

I love spending time with my uncle because he makes me laugh and we have a lot in common.

Aunt – Тетя

My aunt is an amazing cook and I always look forward to our family dinners.

My aunt is a nurse and has dedicated her life to helping others.

Cousin – Кузен/кузина

My cousin and I grew up together and have a special bond that can’t be broken.

My cousin is a talented artist and I love seeing her latest creations.

Nephew – Племянник

My nephew is a smart and curious little boy who loves to ask questions.

I’m so proud of my nephew for graduating from high school and starting college.

Niece – Племянница

My niece is a kind and generous girl who always thinks of others before herself.

I love spending time with my niece and watching her grow into a confident young woman.

Son – Сын

My son is the light of my life and brings so much joy to our family.

I’m so proud of my son for graduating from college and starting his own business.

Daughter – Дочь

My daughter is a talented artist and has already sold some of her paintings.

I cherish the special moments I have with my daughter and treasure our bond.

Husband – Муж

My husband is my rock and supports me through everything.

I’m grateful for my husband’s sense of humor and positive outlook on life.

Wife – Жена

My wife is a wonderful mother and always puts our family first.

I admire my wife’s strength and resilience in the face of adversity.

Family traditions – Семейные традиции

Every Christmas, we gather as a family and decorate the tree together while listening to holiday music.

One of our family traditions is going camping every summer and enjoying the outdoors together.

For Thanksgiving, we take turns saying what we’re thankful for and sharing a special meal.

We have a family recipe for lasagna that’s been passed down for generations and it’s always a hit at family gatherings.

Family values – Семейные ценности

Our family values honesty and integrity above all else, and we try to live by those values every day.

Respect for others is a core value in our family, and we strive to treat everyone with kindness and consideration.

Hard work and perseverance are important values in our family, and we believe that anything is possible with dedication and effort.

We place a strong em on education in our family, and encourage each other to pursue our goals and passions.

Family history – История семьи

My grandfather served in the military during World War II and it’s a source of pride for our family.

My great-great-grandfather immigrated to this country in the early 1900s and his story has inspired us for generations.

Our family has a long tradition of entrepreneurship, and many of us have started successful businesses over the years.

My grandmother was an incredible artist and her paintings still hang on the walls of our family home.

Family conflicts – Конфликты в семье

Every family goes through disagreements and conflicts from time to time, but it’s important to find healthy ways to resolve them.

When there’s tension or conflict in our family, we make an effort to listen to each other and find common ground.

It’s natural for siblings to argue sometimes, but we try to maintain a sense of respect and understanding even when we don’t see eye-to-eye.

Forgiveness is key in resolving family conflicts, and we always aim to move forward with love and compassion.

Family support – Поддержка в семье

Having a support system in your family can be incredibly beneficial in times of need.

When my father passed away, my family was there for me every step of the way and their love and support helped me through.

Whether it’s financial, emotional, or practical support, we’re always here for each other when it matters most.

I’m grateful for the unwavering love and support of my family, and I know that I can always count on them no matter what.

Family vacations – Семейные отпуска

Family vacations are a great way to bond and create lasting memories.

When I was a kid, my family took a road trip across the country and it’s still one of the best experiences of my life.

Whether it’s a beach vacation, a ski trip, or a visit to a new city, family vacations offer a chance to explore, relax, and have fun together.

Family roles – Роли в семье

Every family member has a unique role to play in the family dynamic.

As the oldest sibling, I often take on a leadership role and help guide my younger siblings.

My mother is the heart of our family and her nurturing spirit keeps us all together.

My father is a great provider and works hard to ensure the financial stability of our family.

Family memories – Семейные воспоминания

Family memories are the stories and experiences that bind us together and shape our identity.

I love looking through old photo albums with my family and reminiscing about fun times we’ve had together.

Whether it’s a funny story from our childhood or a shared experience on a family vacation, these memories help strengthen our family bonds.

Family heirlooms – Семейные реликвии

Family heirlooms are treasured possessions that have been passed down from generation to generation.

My great-grandmother’s wedding ring is a family heirloom that has been in our family for over 100 years, and it’s a symbol of our family history and tradition.

From antique furniture to handwritten letters, family heirlooms carry sentimental value and connect us to our past.

Family gatherings – Семейные посиделки

Family gatherings can be a source of joy and connection, but also stress and tension.

I look forward to our annual family reunion every year, where we catch up with distant relatives and share food and stories.

Whether it’s a holiday dinner or a summer barbecue, family gatherings offer a chance to come together and show love and support for each other.

Family fun – Развлечение в кругу семьи

Having fun together as a family can help strengthen bonds and create lasting memories.

From game nights to movie nights, we make an effort to carve out time for fun activities that everyone can enjoy.

Whether it’s a trip to the amusement park or a backyard barbecue, family fun helps us stay connected and create happy memories together.

Communication – Общение

Good communication is key to any healthy relationship.

I need to work on my communication skills in order to be more effective at work.

Understanding – Понимание

It’s important to try to understand other people’s perspectives.

I hope my parents will be understanding when I tell them I want to study abroad next year.

Respect – Уважение

Showing respect for others is essential for building strong relationships.

I try to treat everyone with respect, regardless of their background or beliefs.

Trust – Доверие

Trust is the foundation of any healthy relationship.

It can be hard to earn someone’s trust back once you’ve broken it.

Love – Любовь

Expressing love towards others means showing care, affection, and appreciation for who they are.

I try to show my love for my family and friends through acts of kindness, spending quality time together, and sharing positive emotions.

Boundaries – Границы

Setting and respecting personal boundaries is important for maintaining healthy relationships.

I communicate my boundaries with others in a clear and respectful way, and also respect the boundaries of those around me.

Honesty – Честность

Being honest means telling the truth and being transparent about your thoughts and feelings.

I value honesty in my relationships and try to be truthful even when it’s difficult.

Patience – Терпение

Practicing patience in relationships means showing empathy and understanding towards others, even during challenging times.

I try to be patient with my family and friends by taking deep breaths, practicing active listening, and taking breaks when needed.

Gratitude – Благодарность

Expressing gratitude towards others means recognizing and appreciating their contributions, efforts, and qualities.

I try to express gratitude to my family and friends by saying thank you, giving compliments, and showing appreciation through small gestures.

Apology – Извинение

Offering sincere apologies when we have hurt or wronged someone can help repair damaged relationships and restore trust.

I try to offer heartfelt apologies when I make mistakes or unintentionally hurt others.

Forgiveness – Прощение

Forgiving others who have wronged us means letting go of anger and resentment and moving towards reconciliation and healing.

I try to practice forgiveness by being open to reconciling with others, showing empathy, and letting go of grudges.

Humor – Юмор

Using humor in relationships can help lighten the mood, reduce tension, and bring people closer together.

I try to use humor with my family and friends by telling jokes, sharing funny stories, and finding moments of levity during difficult times.

Celebration – Празднование

Celebrating milestones and accomplishments with loved ones can create positive memories and strengthen relationships.

I make an effort to celebrate important events and achievements with my family and friends by having gatherings, giving gifts, and expressing pride and joy.

Understanding differences – Понимание различий

Recognizing and respecting differences between individuals can promote understanding, compassion, and empathy in relationships.

I try to be aware of and respect differences in cultural backgrounds, personalities, opinions, and beliefs when interacting with others.

Caring – Забота

Showing care towards others means demonstrating concern for their well-being and taking steps to meet their needs.

I try to show caring towards my family and friends by being attentive, offering emotional support, and helping them when they need it.

Quality communication – Качественное общение

Communicating effectively with loved ones means using clear language, active listening, and respectful behavior to foster deeper connections.

I prioritize quality communication by avoiding negativity, being open and honest, and showing genuine interest in what others have to say.

Growth – Развитие

Pursuing individual growth within relationships can create opportunities for personal development, shared learning, and deeper connections.

I try to encourage growth in my family and friends by offering support, sharing resources, and providing positive feedback on their progress.

Empathy – Эмпатия

Showing empathy towards loved ones means demonstrating understanding and compassion for their experiences, emotions, and needs.

I try to practice empathy with my family and friends by listening actively, asking questions, and showing that I care about their well-being.

Problem-solving – Решение проблем

Working through problems together with loved ones can build trust, strengthen bonds, and lead to more positive outcomes.

I try to approach problem-solving with my family and friends by being collaborative, seeking common ground, and looking for win-win solutions.

Friendship – Дружба

My best friend and I have known each other since we were kids.

I value my friendships with my coworkers because they make work more enjoyable.

School – Школа

I’m looking forward to graduating from high school next year.

My favorite subject in school is history because I love learning about the past.

Teacher – Учитель

My math teacher is really good at explaining difficult concepts.

I am grateful for all the time my teachers have spent helping me prepare for exams.

Student – Ученик

As a student, it’s important to stay organized and manage your time well.

I enjoy participating in extracurricular activities with my fellow students.

Homework – Домашнее задание

I always try to do my homework as soon as possible so I don’t fall behind.

Sometimes I need help from my parents or teachers to complete challenging homework assignments.

Exam – Экзамен

I get nervous before big exams, but I try to stay calm and focused.

It’s important to study hard and prepare well for exams in order to do your best.

Graduation – Выпускной

Graduation day is a special moment for every student who has worked hard to complete their degree.

I am excited to celebrate my sister’s graduation from college next month.

Classroom – Класс

My classroom is always full of energy and excitement during group projects.

Our teacher keeps the classroom clean and organized so we can focus on learning.

Extracurricular activities – Внеклассные мероприятия

Participating in extracurricular activities can help you develop new skills and make new friends.

I enjoy playing sports and music with my friends as part of our school’s extracurricular programs.

School project – Школьный проект

Working on a school project with your classmates can help you develop teamwork skills.

I spent many hours researching and creating visuals for my last school project, but it was worth it when we got a good grade.

Teacher-student communication – Коммуникация между учителем и учеником

Open and effective communication between teachers and students is essential for academic success.

Teachers should make an effort to foster positive relationships with their students, providing support and guidance when needed.

Students should feel comfortable approaching their teachers with questions or concerns, and teachers should be responsive and attentive to their needs.

Parent-teacher communication – Коммуникация между родителями и учителями

Communication between parents and teachers is important for ensuring that students receive the best possible education.

Teachers should provide regular updates on student progress and behavior, and parents should make an effort to attend parent-teacher conferences and stay informed about their child’s education.

By working together, parents and teachers can create a supportive learning environment that promotes academic growth and success.

Student-student communication – Коммуникация между учениками

Positive peer relationships are critical for student development and academic success.

Teachers should encourage open and respectful communication among students, creating a safe and inclusive classroom environment.

Students should be encouraged to collaborate and work together, developing teamwork and problem-solving skills that will benefit them throughout their lives.

Classroom communication – Коммуникация в классе

Effective classroom communication creates a supportive learning environment where students feel comfortable asking questions and engaging in discussions.

Teachers should establish clear expectations for classroom behavior and communication, setting the tone for positive interactions.

Students should be encouraged to participate in class discussions and activities, sharing their ideas and perspectives in a respectful and productive way.

School-wide communication – Коммуникация на уровне школы

Communication at the school-wide level is important for promoting community engagement and involvement.

Schools should provide regular updates on school events, policies, and initiatives through newsletters, emails, or social media.

By fostering communication between students, teachers, parents, and the wider community, schools can create a supportive learning environment that benefits everyone involved.

School leadership – Лидерство в школе

Effective school leadership is critical for fostering positive communication and creating a supportive learning environment.

School leaders should prioritize open and transparent communication with teachers, students, and parents, and encourage feedback and collaboration.

By promoting a culture of respect, trust, and inclusion, school leaders can help build strong relationships within the school community and promote academic success.

Student engagement – Вовлеченность учеников

Engaging students in the learning process requires effective communication skills from teachers.

Teachers should create a supportive and inclusive learning environment that encourages active participation and collaboration among students.

Positive reinforcement and encouragement can help boost student confidence and motivation, leading to better academic outcomes.

Parent involvement – Участие родителей

Communication between schools and parents is essential for ensuring that students receive the support they need to succeed academically.

Schools should provide regular updates on student progress and achievements, and communicate directly with parents regarding any concerns or issues.

Parent-teacher conferences and other events can also facilitate positive communication and promote parent involvement in the school community.

Multiculturalism – Мультикультурализм

Effective communication is especially important in multicultural school communities where diverse backgrounds and perspectives must be taken into account.

Teachers should be sensitive to cultural differences and work to create an inclusive and respectful classroom environment.

Schools should also celebrate diversity through multicultural events and activities, promoting understanding and appreciation for different cultures and traditions.

School safety – Безопасность в школе

Effective communication is essential for ensuring the safety and well-being of all students in the school environment.

Friend – Друг

I made a new friend in my math class who loves to play soccer.

My best friend and I always sit together during lunch.

Peer – Сверстник

Peer pressure can be a powerful force, but it’s important to stay true to yourself.

Working on group projects with my peers is a great way to learn new ideas.

Socialize – Общаться

During lunch, we socialize with our friends and catch up on each other’s lives.

The school dance is a fun opportunity to socialize with classmates outside of class.

Teamwork – Командная работа

We work on teamwork skills through group projects and team-building activities.

Playing on a sports team is a great way to develop teamwork skills.

Debate – Дебаты

Participating in debates can help develop critical thinking skills and public speaking abilities.

Our English class had a debate about whether or not technology is beneficial for society.

Вопросы и ответы по теме Communication at home and at school

What are some important aspects of communication within a family?

Some important aspects of communication within a family include active listening, expressing emotions and thoughts honestly, and being respectful towards each other.

How can families improve their communication skills?

Families can improve their communication skills by setting aside time for regular family meetings, actively listening to each other, and practicing healthy conflict resolution.

Why is it important to communicate effectively with family members?

Effective communication within a family can strengthen relationships, build trust and understanding, and create a supportive and loving environment.

What are some common barriers to effective communication in a family?

Common barriers to effective communication in a family include misunderstandings, lack of trust, poor listening skills, and conflicts that are not resolved in a healthy way.

How can parents encourage open communication with their children?

Parents can encourage open communication with their children by creating a safe and non-judgmental space where their children feel comfortable expressing themselves, listening to their children without interrupting or criticizing, and showing empathy and understanding towards their children’s feelings and experiences.

How can families use technology to improve their communication?

Families can use technology to improve their communication by using video conferencing to stay in touch with distant relatives, using family group chats to share news and updates, and using online resources to learn effective communication skills.

What should family members do if they are struggling to communicate effectively?

If family members are struggling to communicate effectively, they should seek out professional help from a therapist or counselor who specializes in family dynamics and communication.

What are some examples of nonverbal communication within a family?

Examples of nonverbal communication within a family include body language, facial expressions, tone of voice, and physical touch.

How can families handle disagreements about important decisions?

Families can handle disagreements about important decisions by sitting down together and having an open and honest discussion, seeking out different perspectives and compromising if necessary, and remembering to show respect and understanding towards each other’s opinions and feelings.

What is the role of active listening in effective communication within a family?

Active listening is a crucial part of effective communication within a family because it helps family members understand each other’s perspectives and feelings, strengthens relationships and trust, and creates a supportive and loving environment.

How can teenagers and parents communicate effectively during periods of conflict?

Teenagers and parents can communicate effectively during periods of conflict by actively listening to each other’s concerns, showing empathy and understanding towards each other’s perspectives, and finding common ground and compromise whenever possible.

What are some examples of unhealthy communication patterns within a family?

Examples of unhealthy communication patterns within a family include name-calling, interrupting, dismissing each other’s feelings or opinions, and using passive-aggressive behavior or manipulation tactics.

What are some common barriers to effective communication in school?

Common barriers to effective communication in school include language barriers, different communication styles, cultural differences, and distractions such as technology or noise.

How can teachers encourage active participation and engagement in classroom discussions?

Teachers can encourage active participation and engagement in classroom discussions by creating a safe and respectful space for all students to share their thoughts and ideas, asking open-ended questions, using interactive teaching methods, and providing opportunities for peer-to-peer collaboration.

How can students communicate effectively with their teachers?

Students can communicate effectively with their teachers by actively listening, asking questions, expressing themselves respectfully, and seeking out additional resources or support if needed.

What are some effective strategies for resolving conflicts among students in school?

Strategies for resolving conflicts among students in school include active listening, finding common ground, compromising, seeking out mediation or counseling services, and emphasizing the importance of respect and empathy towards each other’s feelings and perspectives.

How can schools use technology to improve communication between students and teachers?

Schools can use technology to improve communication between students and teachers by using online learning platforms, social media, email, and video conferencing tools to stay connected and share information.

How can parents and teachers work together to promote effective communication about a student’s academic progress?

Parents and teachers can work together to promote effective communication about a student’s academic progress by scheduling regular parent-teacher conferences, sharing updates and feedback through email or online portals, and involving parents in decision-making processes related to their child’s education.

How can teachers use nonverbal communication to create a positive classroom environment?

Teachers can use nonverbal communication to create a positive classroom environment by using eye contact, facial expressions, body language, and gestures to show empathy, respect, and understanding towards their students.

What are some effective strategies for promoting respectful and inclusive communication in school?